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The Communist Party of Peru (Spanish: ''Partido Comunista del Perú''), more commonly known as the Shining Path (''Sendero Luminoso''), is a Maoist guerrilla insurgent organization in Peru. When it first launched the internal conflict in Peru in 1980, its stated goal was to replace what it saw as bourgeois democracy with "New Democracy". The Shining Path believed that by establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat, inducing cultural revolution, and eventually sparking world revolution, they could arrive at pure communism. Their representatives said that existing socialist countries were revisionist, and they claimed to be the vanguard of the world communist movement. The Shining Path's ideology and tactics have been influential among other Maoist insurgent groups, notably the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and other Revolutionary Internationalist Movement-affiliated organizations.〔Maske, Mahesh. "Maovichar", in ''Studies in Nepali History and Society'', Vol. 7, No. 2 (December 2002), p. 275.〕 Widely condemned for its brutality,〔("Shining-Path" ), ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved June 11, 2009〕〔(Truth and Reconciliation Commission ). Retrieved January 13, 2008〕 including violence deployed against peasants, trade union organizers, popularly elected officials and the general civilian population, the Shining Path is classified by the Peruvian government, the U.S., the European Union, and Canada as a terrorist organization.〔US Department of State, April 30, 2007. ("Terrorist Organizations" ). Retrieved June 11, 2009.〕〔(Council Common Position 2005/936/CFSP. ). March 14, 2005. Retrieved January 13, 2008.〕〔Government of Canada. ("Listed Entities" ). Retrieved June 11, 2009.〕 Since the capture of its leader Abimael Guzmán in 1992, the Shining Path has declined in activity.〔Rochlin, p. 3.〕 Similar to militant groups in Colombia, some factions of the Shining Path have functioned as a highly efficient cocaine-smuggling operation, with an ostensibly paternalistic relationship to villagers.〔Simon Romero, ("Cocaine Trade Helps Rebels Reignite War in Peru" ), ''The New York Times'', March 17, 2009〕 ==Name== The common name of this group, Shining Path, distinguishes it from several other Peruvian communist parties with similar names (see Communism in Peru). The name is derived from a maxim of José Carlos Mariátegui, founder of the original Peruvian Communist Party in the 1920s: ''"El Marxismo-Leninismo abrirá el sendero luminoso hacia la revolución"'' ("Marxism–Leninism will open the shining path to revolution").〔 This maxim was featured in the masthead of the newspaper of a Shining Path front group. Peruvian communist groups are often distinguished by the names of their publications. The followers of this group are generally called ''senderistas''. All documents, periodicals and other materials produced by the organization are signed by the Communist Party of Peru (PCP). Academics often refer to them as PCP-SL. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shining Path」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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